What is Frame Rate and How to Set the FPS for Your Video

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Menene Matsakaicin Tsari da Yadda ake saita FPS don Bidiyonku

Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ya kamata ku sani shine "Frame Rate" don koyon tsarin samar da bidiyo.Kafin yin magana game da ƙimar firam, dole ne mu fara fahimtar ƙa'idar gabatarwa (bidiyo).Bidiyon da muke kallo ana yin su ne ta jerin hotuna marasa ƙarfi.Tun da bambanci tsakanin kowane hoton da ba a kwance ba yana da ƙanƙanta sosai, lokacin da aka kalli waɗannan hotuna da wani ƙayyadadden gudu, hotuna masu walƙiya da sauri suna ba da bayyanar a cikin kwayar idon ɗan adam wanda ke haifar da bidiyon da muke kallo.Kuma kowane ɗayan waɗannan hotunan ana kiransa “frame.”

"Frame Per Second" ko abin da ake kira "fps" yana nufin adadin hotuna nawa a cikin bidiyo na biyu.Misali, 60fps yana nuna cewa ya ƙunshi firam 60 na hotuna masu tsayayye a sakan daya.Dangane da binciken, tsarin gani na ɗan adam na iya aiwatar da hotuna 10 zuwa 12 a cikin daƙiƙa guda, yayin da ƙarin firam ɗin a cikin sakan daya ana ganin motsi.Lokacin da firam ɗin ya fi 60fps, yana da wahala ga tsarin gani na ɗan adam ya lura da ɗan bambanci a cikin hoton motsi.A zamanin yau, yawancin samar da fina-finai sun shafi 24fps.


Menene Tsarin NTSC da Tsarin PAL?

Lokacin da talbijin ya zo duniya, talbijin ya kuma canza tsarin ƙimar tsarin bidiyo.Tunda mai saka idanu yana gabatar da hotuna ta hanyar haskakawa, ƙimar firam ɗin kowane daƙiƙa ana siffanta ta ta yadda za'a iya bincika hotuna a cikin dakika ɗaya.Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na sikanin hoto - "Scanning Progressive" da "Scanning Interlaced."

Ana kuma kiran ci gaba da sikanin sikanin da ba tare da haɗin gwiwa ba, kuma sigar nuni ce wacce ake zana dukkan layin kowane firam a jere.Aikace-aikacen binciken da aka haɗa shi ne saboda iyakancewar bandwidth na sigina.Bidiyon da aka haɗa ya shafi tsarin talabijin na analog na gargajiya.Dole ne ta fara bincika layukan da ba su da ƙima na filin hoton sannan zuwa layukan da aka ƙidaya na filin hoton.Ta hanyar canza hotunan "rabi-frame" guda biyu da sauri suna sa shi kama da cikakken hoto.

Bisa ga ka'idar da ke sama, "p" yana nufin Ci gaba Scanning, kuma "i" yana wakiltar Interlaced Scanning.The "1080p 30" yana nufin Full HD ƙuduri (1920×1080), wanda aka kafa ta 30 "cikakken Frames" ci gaba scan a sakan daya.Kuma "1080i 60" yana nufin cikakken hoton yana samuwa ta hanyar 60 "rabi-frames" interlaced scan a sakan daya.

Don guje wa tsangwama da hayaniya da siginar na yanzu da na TV ke haifarwa a mitoci daban-daban, Kwamitin Tsarin Gidan Talabijin na Ƙasa (NTSC) a Amurka ya haɓaka mitar binciken da aka haɗa zuwa 60Hz, wanda yake daidai da mitar na yanzu (AC).Wannan shine yadda ake samar da ƙimar firam ɗin 30fps da 60fps.Tsarin NTSC ya shafi Amurka da Kanada, Japan, Koriya, Philippines, da Taiwan.

Idan kun yi hankali, kun taɓa lura da wasu na'urorin bidiyo na bayanin kula 29.97 da 59.94fps akan ƙayyadaddun bayanai?Lambobi masu banƙyama su ne saboda lokacin da aka ƙirƙira TV ɗin launi, an ƙara siginar launi zuwa siginar bidiyo.Koyaya, mitar siginar launi tana mamaye siginar sauti.Don hana tsangwama tsakanin siginar bidiyo da sauti, injiniyoyin Amurka sun yi ƙasa da 0.1% na 30fps.Don haka, an canza ƙimar firam ɗin TV mai launi daga 30fps zuwa 29.97fps, kuma an canza 60fps zuwa 59.94fps.

Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin NTSC, mai kera TV na Jamus Telefunken ya haɓaka tsarin PAL.Tsarin PAL yana ɗaukar 25fps da 50fps saboda mitar AC shine 50 Hertz (Hz).Kuma yawancin ƙasashen Turai (sai Faransa), ƙasashen Gabas ta Tsakiya, da China suna amfani da tsarin PAL.

A yau, masana'antar watsa shirye-shiryen suna amfani da 25fps (tsarin PAL) da 30fps (tsarin NTSC) azaman ƙimar firam don samar da bidiyo.Tunda yawan wutar AC ya bambanta ta yanki da ƙasa, don haka tabbatar da saita tsarin da ya dace kafin ɗaukar bidiyon.Harba bidiyo tare da tsarin da ba daidai ba, alal misali, idan ka harba bidiyon tare da tsarin tsarin PAL a Arewacin Amurka, za ku ga cewa hoton yana yawo.

 

The Shutter da Frame Rate

Adadin firam ɗin yana da alaƙa sosai tare da saurin rufewa."Shutter Speed" yakamata ya zama ninki biyu na Frame Rate, yana haifar da mafi kyawun hangen nesa ga idanun ɗan adam.Misali, lokacin da bidiyon ya shafi 30fps, yana nuna cewa an saita saurin rufe kyamarar a 1/60 seconds.Idan kamara na iya yin harbi a 60fps, saurin rufe kyamarar ya kamata ya zama 1/125 seconds.

Lokacin da saurin rufewa ya yi jinkirin zuwa ƙimar firam, misali, idan an saita saurin rufewa a 1/10 na sakan don harba bidiyon 30fps, mai kallo zai ga motsi mara kyau a cikin bidiyon.Akasin haka, idan saurin rufewa ya yi yawa ga ƙimar firam, misali, idan an saita saurin rufewa a 1/120 na sakan don harbi bidiyo na 30fps, motsin abubuwa zai yi kama da mutummutumi kamar an yi rikodin su a tasha. motsi.

Yadda Ake Amfani da Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Tsari

Matsakaicin firam ɗin bidiyo yana tasiri sosai yadda faifan fim ɗin ya kasance, wanda ke ƙayyadad da yadda ainihin bidiyon ya bayyana.Idan batun samar da bidiyon batu ne na tsaye, kamar shirin taron karawa juna sani, rikodin lacca, da taron bidiyo, ya fi isa a harba bidiyo da 30fps.Bidiyon 30fps yana gabatar da motsi na halitta azaman kwarewar gani na ɗan adam.

Idan kuna son bidiyon ya sami bayyananniyar hoto yayin kunna a hankali, zaku iya harba bidiyon da 60fps.Yawancin ƙwararrun masu ɗaukar bidiyo suna amfani da ƙimar firam don harba bidiyo da amfani da ƙananan fps a bayan samarwa don samar da bidiyo mai motsi a hankali.Aikace-aikacen da ke sama yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin gama gari don ƙirƙirar yanayi na ƙayatarwa ta hanyar bidiyo mai motsi a hankali.

Idan kana so ka daskare abubuwan a cikin motsi mai sauri, dole ne ka harba bidiyo tare da 120fps.Ɗauki fim ɗin "Billy Lynn a Tsakiyar Tsakiya" alal misali.4K 120fps ne yayi fim ɗin.Bidiyon mai girman gaske zai iya ba da cikakken cikakkun bayanai na hotuna, kamar ƙura da bazuwar tarkace a cikin harbin bindiga, da walƙiya na wasan wuta, wanda ya ba masu sauraro damar hangen nesa kamar su kansu a wurin.

A ƙarshe, muna so mu tunatar da masu karatu su yi amfani da ƙimar firam iri ɗaya don harba bidiyo a cikin aikin iri ɗaya.Dole ne ƙungiyar fasaha ta bincika cewa kowace kyamara tana aiki da ƙimar firam iri ɗaya yayin aiwatar da aikin EFP.Idan Kamara A ta shafi 30fps, amma Kyamara B tana aiki da 60fps, to masu sauraro masu hankali za su lura cewa motsin bidiyon bai daidaita ba.


Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-22-2022